Writing, Curating and Lecturing on Visual Arts, Public Space and Architecture

Pealelend - Subliimmaal

Short commentary for cultural weekly Sirp (6 November 2020) in terms of the exhibition Invisible Monumental Painting exhibited at EKA Gallery in autumn 2020. The comment looks at the state of monumental painting within art school's curricula in Europe. 

Pealelend – Gregor Taul, kunstiteadlane


Kaasaegse kunsti eriala maali õppesuunal monumentaalmaali nii, nagu seda tehti kaks-kolmkümmend aastat tagasi, enam ei õpetata. Näituse kataloogis ütleb aga maaliosakonna õppejõud Kristi Kongi, et ta on veendunud, et monumentaalmaal tuleb tagasi. Milline on monumentaalmaali praegune seis ja kas selle valdkonna paremad ajad on veel ees?

Aasta alguses tegin oma doktoritööga seoses uurimistööd Vilniuses. Mind üllatas, et sealses kunstiakadeemias on monumentaalmaali osakond seniajani alles. Kui täpne olla, siis monumentaalmaali ja stsenograafia osakond, mistõttu arvasin, et monumentaalmaali­tehnikad teenivad seal ilmselt lavakujunduse huve. Hiljem õnnestus mul tutvuda osakonna uue juhataja Vygintas Orlovasega, värske vabade kunstide doktoriga. (Vahemärkusena olgu öeldud, et kunsti ja disaini doktoriõpe näib Vilniuses toimivat eeskujulikult, seda tänu maailmatasemel välisõppejõududele ja tohutule konkurentsile õppekohtade nimel). Uurisin, kas jutuks on olnud ka osakonna nimevahetus. Minu kurvastuseks teatas ta, et kohaspetsiifiline kunst on igal juhul arutluse alla võetud. Püüdsin teda veenda, et kui peaaegu sada aastat vana monumentaalmaali osakond on juba nõukogude ajale järgnenud kolm raju kümnendit üle elanud, oleks totter alles nüüd aja, moe või mõne muu põhjuse survel alla vanduda. Minu soovitust pole kuulda võetud. Lugesin äsja nende kodulehelt, et nüüd on tegemist įvietintas menas’e ehk kohaspetsiifilise kunsti osakonnaga. Minu andmetel seega monumentaalmaali eriala Euroopas enam ei õpetata. Nojah, Venemaal ja mõnes teises endises liiduvaba­riigis seda muidugi tehakse. Ilmselt ka Põhja-Koreas. Huvilised saavad õppida monumentaalskulptuuri õppekaval veel ka Itaalias. Ühesõnaga, akadeemilises mõttes on monumentaalmaali erialast saanud läänemaailmas ajalooline kurioosum.

Nali naljaks. Kui vaadata terminist kaugemale, siis õpetatakse vanu tehnikaid siiani üle maailma ning kohaspetsiifika ja üldistusjõud, mis on monumentaalmaali alus, suunavad suurt osa kaasaegsest kunstist. Nii on Euroopas ja Põhja-Ameerikas mitmeid magistriprogramme, mille nimetuses leiab sõnad „koht“, „paik“, „ruum“, „kontekst“, „avalikkus“ või „kunst“. Ma ei imestaks, kui mõnes ülikoolis saab astuda tänavakunsti magistri- või grafiti bakalaureuseõppesse. Monumentaalmaali kvaliteedid on lihtsalt nihkunud eri sõnastuses kunstimaailma teistesse sfääridesse.

Kui nüüd lõpetuseks konkreetseks minna ja küsida, kas monumentaalmaalil on tulevikku sellisel kujul, nagu seda esitletakse kõnealusel näitusel – fresko- või sgrafiitotööd nõuavad meistri käe all omandatud oskusi, ohtralt vaeva ja energiat, aga jäävad kogu monumentaalsusest hoolimata nähtamatuks –, siis mina usun küll, et monumentaalmaal jääb veel aastatuhandeteks kunsti­maailma perifeeriasse tiksuma. Ja kui heldeid tellijaid tabab subliimne monumentaalsuseiha, tõuseb see ka aeg-ajalt kunstikultuuri huvikeskmesse.


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